SAMSUNG Super Fast 5G

Salam and Hi...

Have u watched the Fast-Furious 6? As for me, that movie is amazing. The director manage to include a bunch of impressive stunts trough out the film. The highlight stunt is when villain  tried to escape from the law enforcement by hijacking a tank. But, I'm not going to talk about the movie here because I would like to share on even more interesting topic with all of u, the Samsung Super Fast 5G.

 The new Samsung Galaxy S4

(Source: http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2013/may/14/samsung-5g-mobile)

On 14 May 2013, the website of www.guardian.co.uk reported that Samsung has successfully developed 5G mobile systems that able to transmit data hundreds times faster than 4G networks. Also, the StarBiz on 13 May 2013 stated that Samsung Electronics had successfully tested super-fast fifth-generation (5G) wireless technology that would eventually allow users to download an entire movie in only one second.

 

 (Source: http://mytechnologyupdats.blogspot.com/2012/11/4g-technology.html)

Let us imagine how fast that speed of the upcoming 5G networks. For a standard size of movie usually is 700MB and the time taken to download a movie is about 20 minutes with the 100kb/s download speed. But, Samsung currently had tested an entire movie and can be download in only one second with 5G and for me, it is unbelievable because usually the time taken to download one movie is around 30 minutes up to 1 hours and I have to spend a lot of my time in front of my laptop until the download progress is complete.

 (Source: http://www.etradesupply.com/blog/samsung-5g-launch/)

So, good news for all those movie lovers  out there. you don't have to wait a long time with 5G because within a blink of an eye u will able to enjoy ur movie with families and friends.

 

 

Finite Element Method (FEM)

Salam and hi...

Let me share with all of u a little bit information about a method / analysis that I was used in completing my assignments when I did my Bachelor Degree in Engineering. The method that I mentioned before is the Finite Element Method (FEM). For mechanical engineering student, I'm sure that everybody know and already used this method and ANSYS software is always used to implement this method or analysis. 

Finite Element Method (FEM) or also known as Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was developed by R. Courant in 1943.¹ The finite element method has become a common tool for engineering analysis. Initially developed and used for static structural analysis, it now covers domains in mechanical, civil and electrical engineering. Finite element analysis can be applied to problems in the areas of statics and dynamics of structures, buckling, fluid transport, heat transfer and electromagnetism.² 

FEM consists of a computer model of a material or design that is stressed and analyzed for specific results. It is used in new product design, and existing product refinement. A company is able to verify a proposed design will be able to perform to the client's specifications prior to manufacturing or construction. Modifying an existing product or structure is utilized to qualify the product or structure for a new service condition. In fact, in case of structural failure, FEM may be used to help determine the design modifications to meet the new condition.¹ Some examples of finite element method as shown in figure below.

 

Heat transfer analysis on structure by using FEM

(Source: www.noraneng.com)

 

Pressure analysis on structure by using FEM

 (Source: www.umass.edu/mie/labs/mda/fea/fealib/goldstein/PROJECT.html)

In my assignment, I have given a task to analyze the short-span bridge connecting the clinic of Faculty Dentistry in UITM Shah Alam by using the existing configuration. Bridge may be classified by how the forces of tension, compression, bending, torsion and shear are distributed through their structure. There are many types of bridges such are beam bridge, arch bridge, truss bridge, and cable-stay bridge. In this analysis, beam bridge will be the finite element model.

The strength of the bridge must be higher enough to accommodate the loads imposed on it. By doing finite element analysis, the determination of the effects of loads on bridge structure and their components can be predicted. Other than that, this structure analysis bring a specific knowledge in understanding the behavior of bridge structures, parameters affecting its response and also the ability to predict its response to all types of loading. The objectives of this assignment is to predict the behavior of the bridge structure, its strength, and displacements at certain loads and situations.  The analysis of this bridge is actually wanted to find the strength and displacement analysis with the certain configuration for the maximum pedestrian load. Then, the aim of the study is also to develop finite element model of a bridge structure.

Bridge at clinic of Faculty Dentistry was support and connects with many type of beam like I-Beam, L-Beam and C-Beam. Note that, a beam is a horizontal structural element that is capable of withstanding load primarily by resisting bending. The bending force induced into the material of the beam as a result of the external loads, own weight, span and external reactions to these loads is called a moment. Then, finite element model of each beam have been defined by using ANSYS V5.7 software.

Finite Element Model of I-Beam 

Finite Element Model of C-Channel 

 Finite Element Model of L-Beam 

Finite Element Model of Hollow-Rod

After that, the finite element model of the bridge has been defined. The finite element model of the bridge consists of the nodes and elements. Node is a connection point while the element is the connection of two nodes. 

Finite Element Model of the Bridge (consists of nodes & elements).

The size of the bridge is approximately 1772cm X 352cm (length x width). Assume that the size of 1 person stand on the bridge is about 45cm X 45cm. So, the maximum persons can be located on the bridge at one time are given by:

1. Total area: 1772 x 352 = 623744cm²
2. Area of one person (by assumption): 45 x 45 = 2025cm²
3. Maximum person on bridge at one time: 623744 / 2025 = 308.0217 ≈ 309 persons.
4. Assume that weight of 1 person = 60kg.
5. Maximum weight on the bridge: 309 x 60 = 18540kg
6. Therefore, maximum load on the bridge is: 18540 x 9.81 = 181877.4 N

 So, by applying the maximum load to the bridge and the both end of the bridge are fixed. 

Isometric view with maximum load of 181877.4 N applied to the bridge

Side view

The displacement analysis then has been conducted to the bridge and the result is obtained. 

The displacement result of the bridge (isometric view)

Side view

Related video of Finite Element Analysis for Bridge
(Source: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dEpxSfgq6vo) 

Sources: 
1. http://www.sv.vt.edu/classes/MSE2094_NoteBook/97ClassProj/num/widas/history.html

2. Wahyu Kuntjoro, "An Introduction to the Finite Element Method", Universiti Teknologi    MARA, 2005.